Fat-soluble vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins are a class of vitamins that are insoluble in water but soluble in fats and non-polar organic solvents (such as benzene, ether, and chloroform), including vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, etc. Vitamin A (retinol) is a substance with retinol biological activity. This is very important for the normal formation, development, and maintenance of epithelial cells. Tocopherol, the hydrolysate of vitamin E, is one of the most important antioxidants, and is closely related to the immune function of the body. The predominant form of vitamin D in the human body is 25-hydroxy vitamin D; it is primarily synthesized by the human skin in response to ultraviolet radiation, with a small part ingested through food or supplements; it is essential substance for maintaining human health, cell growth, and development, and is closely associated with numerous diseases. Vitamin K consists of numerous forms, including K1 and K2, which are naturally occurring. Vitamin K has physiological benefits that include preventing infant bleeding disorders, preventing internal bleeding and hemorrhoids, lowering severe menstrual bleeding, and supporting normal blood coagulation. The majority of these vitamins coexist with fats in meals and can be absorbed and retained along with lipids, with a low excretion rate. Too much of it can quickly lead to toxicity, while too little can progressively lead to deficiency.
Fat-soluble vitamin | Danger of vitamin overdose |
Vitamin A | Fetal birth defect, osteoporosis, abnormal liver movement, cardiovascular disease, etc. |
Vitamin D | Hypercalcemia, atherosclerosis, renal impairment, bone and organ calcification, etc. |
Vitamin E | Platelet aggregation, menoxenia, hypoglycemia, cardiovascular disease, endocrine disorder, etc. |
Vitamin K | Rash, neonatal jaundice, impaired liver function, etc. |
Fat-soluble vitamin | Danger of vitamin deficiency |
Vitamin A | Night blindness, dry eye, intrauterine growth retardation, premature birth, respiratory tract infection, decreased immunity, etc. |
Vitamin D | Rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, bone deformity, etc. in children |
Vitamin E | Hemolytic anemia, habitual abortion, premature birth, congenital agenesis, etc. |
Vitamin K | Skin purpura, black stools, excessive menstruation, intracranial bleeding, etc. |
Indicated for:
Special populations
Pregnant and lactating women.
Growing children.
People who are bed-ridden or lack sunlight for long period of time.
People taking certain vitamin medications that affect their metabolism.
Middle-aged and older people with a history of falling or non-traumatic fracture.
Women taking oral contraceptives for a long term.
Other People
Rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis.
Liver and renal function impairment.
Thyroid dysfunction.
Acute and chronic infectious diseases.
History of habitual abortion and premature birth.
History of bleeding disorder.